intro to the student

Introduction

Message to the students.

Motor is designed for the human needs and their applications. As we all know we want motors have high efficiency but at what cost. Just because of some people minds and the monopoly we don’t know about the motor characteristics. The big truth is that we have only knowledge that Is given by the books and teacher. books are written by the experience but the work of the teacher is to give us the total details of the data written by the experience person. But they don’t. I am going to make this motor basics for all the students who are want the quality study about the motor development and their designing’s. I hope that will help you in the future.

 

 

Electric motor

Electric motor is the electromagnetic forced machine that helps to create the rotating torque with the speed with all the conditions are satisfied for movement of the rotor.

As much as our applications varied our types of motor requirement are automatically increased. in the previous centuries. whenever a new application occurs. then electrical, electronics, power engineers make a new motor machine. If our requirement is can be handled with control section then they go through with it. but if not, they design an efficient motor that don’t need much control. in our practical world. We are now constrained to dealing with the complex design, complex structure, costly motor. but that is because of the monopoly made by the china and other countries. by giving the competition through mass production low cost. But from of this content you would know about how to design, test, manufacture the motors, generators

Types of motors

 

Motor basics

• Ø  Electromagnetic concepts
• Ø  Magnetic structure
• Ø  Magnets concepts
• Ø  Motor design concept
• Ø  Design simulation concepts
• Ø  Material selectivity concepts

 

 

Ø Electromagnetic concepts

 

When we are making magnets by coiling on the surface of the ferromagnet and some metal objects like nail, conductor etc. and passing the current through the coil conductor. on the basis of the current intensity and current density the magnetic behavior of the ferromagnet or the metal objects comes out.

 

So, it is that technical. well no its not. the technical concepts are constructed by the form of law that is given by the Michael Faraday & Emil Lenz both are the genius scientist.

 

Faraday comes with 2 LAWS which states that the induced voltage in a circuit is proportional to the rate of change over time of the magnetic flux through that circuit. In other words, the faster the magnetic field changes, the greater will be the voltage in the circuit. The direction of the change in the magnetic field determines the direction of the current. 

We can increase the voltage by increasing the number of loops in the circuit. The induced voltage in a coil with two loops will be twice that with one loop, and with three loops it will be triple. This is why real motors and generators typically have large numbers of coils. 

 

 

In simple words. if you have magnet then that have some magnetic force also called magnetic field. That field is can disturbed if you place any closed conductor or coil near to it . by

1.      By moving a magnet towards or away from the coil

2.      By moving the coil into or out of the magnetic field

3.      By changing the area of a coil placed in the magnetic field

4.      By rotating the coil relative to the magnet

 

Just focus on that why it happened just because of magnet having some invisible force in the form of field. that passes through the region of the coil or conductor is placed. the field lines are forcefully passing through the conductor surface then the field lines are forcefully entering into the conductor region. but all metals have the hysteresis loop. that tells us if conductor feels some field lines into it (H). then the opposing flux density is developed into the coil. Just because of the opposing characteristic developed by the coil the north pole faces north pole on the insertion point of the coil. That is the main reason behind the opposition form by the coil.

 

Lenz law of Electromagnet

Lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction states that the direction of the current induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field (as per Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction) is such that the magnetic field created by the induced current opposes the initial changing magnetic field which produced it. The direction of this current flow is given by Fleming’s right hand rule.

 

 

Fleming’s right-hand rule

As per Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, whenever a conductor moves inside a magnetic field, there will be an induced current in it. If this conductor gets forcefully moved inside the magnetic field, there will be a relation between the direction of applied force, magnetic field and the current. This relation among these three directions is determined by Fleming’s right-hand Rule.

 

In simple words, whenever the induction word occurs then this rule is implemented. Or whenever an induction process occurs which is conductor is moves in the magnetic field then emf induced and hence current flows through.

 

Fleming’s left-hand rule

It is found that whenever a current carrying conductor is placed inside a magnetic field, a force acts on the conductor, in a direction perpendicular to both the directions of the current and the magnetic field.

In the figure below,

a portion of a conductor of length ‘L’ is placed vertically in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of strength ‘H’, produced by two magnetic poles N and S. If the current ‘I’ is flowing through this conductor, the magnitude of the force acting on the conductor is: